The psychology of change management

Companies can transform the attitudes and behavior of their employees by applying psychological breakthroughs that explain why people think and act as they do.

Over the past 15 or so years, programs to improve corporate organisational performance have become increasingly common. Yet they are notoriously difficult to carry out. Success depends on persuading hundreds or thousands of groups and individuals to change the way they work, a transformation people will accept only if they can be persuaded to think differently about their jobs. In effect, CEOs must alter the mind-sets of their employees—no easy task.

CEOs could make things easier for themselves if, before embarking on complex performance-improvement programs, they determined the extent of the change required to achieve the business outcomes they seek.

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What Executives are Thinking about Leadership

The other day I had the pleasure of catching up with Kelly Magowan - CEO of Six Figures Executive Recruitment.

Over a coffee we spoke about the definition of Responsible and Effective Leadership and where we were heading.

Kelly pointed out we are now moving into a new area where executives are considering more and more about 'Protecting People' versus 'Protecting Profits'.

And how this was brought about by the concept of loyalty dissappearing...

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For me, the most interesting feedback was to learn how now...

A Longer Term vision is much more important...

The Tenure of Leaders is getting short - such as the 10 week Country Road Chief Executive example recently published in The Australian

What is becoming ever more obvious is a longer term vision and succession planning is the key to a successful business.

"You can't expect staff to follow a short term leader" Kelly explains.

Focusing on Leadership is key to empowerment of staff. They must be allowed to make mistakes.

If everyone is focussed on the short term - as are their leaders - the future is frowned upon - staff are immobilised and the business stagnates.

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Leaders need to give people opportunity to try things. As a leader this is part of your responsibility...

Let them make decisions...

Help them be innovative and creative and competitive...

The Executive Monitor Report conducted by Six Figures shows these are not just simple thoughts.

The top of executive desires is to be driven from the top - 'Leadership'

People are happy to be brave and fearless.

Responsible Leadership is not about 'holding the fort' - it is about leading the way forward - let everyone else catch up - if they can.

Recruiting executives is about finding the best people who want to try and do new things.

Despite being in the business of recruiting, Kelly believes companies should look internally more - plan for succession - hire - but also firstly retain and promote.

Many staff also like to have a little skin in the game - so don't be afraid of providing share options for staff.

And when it comes to performance review time, if someone isn't performing well - look for the cause - where is the engagement? Why are they not engaged?

Executives on boards are the same - how can they be further engaged?

Technology also came into conversation as we discussed the age of technology and capturing peoples hearts and minds with knowledge.

How many organisations are doing that wonderfully? How many are still stuck in the 'industry age model?'

Both of these models can collaborate - together with staff - to provide better futures.

Six Figures

You may recall a while back when we published some videos with Kelly speaking here - worth a look

Total Executive Marketing & Sales Newsletter #1 released

The Total Executive Marketing & Sales Newsletter #1 has been released.

Click on it here: http://us1.campaign-archive.com/?u=f41e43969ffbb091706cb54aa&id=549e2ad76b

It has Interviews, Tips and Knowledge about:
  • Marketing
  • Sales
  • Leadership
  • Coaching
  • Strategy
  • and more...
    Ls2_roger_james

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Let's Dance to Health

Dancing can be magical and transforming. It can breathe new life into a tired soul; make a spirit soar; unleash locked-away creativity; unite generations and cultures; inspire new romances or rekindle old ones; trigger long-forgotten memories; and turn sadness into joy, if only during the dance.

On a more physical level, dancing can give you a great mind-body workout. Researchers are learning that regular physical activity in general can help keep your body, including your brain, healthy as you age. Exercise increases the level of brain chemicals that encourage nerve cells to grow. And dancing that requires you to remember dance steps and sequences boosts brain power by improving memory skills.

There has been some promising research in this area, according to Rita Beckford, M.D., a family doctor and spokesperson for the American Council on Exercise. For instance, a 2003 study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that ballroom dancing at least twice a week made people less likely to develop dementia. Research also has shown that some people with Alzheimer's disease are able to recall forgotten memories when they dance to music they used to know.

Whether it's ballet or ballroom, clogging or jazz, dance is great for helping people of all ages and physical abilities get and stay in shape. There's even chair dancing for people with physical limitations. A 150-pound adult can burn about 150 calories doing 30 minutes of moderate social dancing.

Benefits Abound

Like other moderate, low-impact, weight bearing activities, such as brisk walking, cycling or aerobics, dancing can help:

  • strengthen bones and muscles without hurting your joints
  • tone your entire body
  • improve your posture and balance, which can prevent falls
  • increase your stamina and flexibility
  • reduce stress and tension
  • build confidence
  • provide opportunities to meet people, and
  • ward off illnesses like diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, osteoporosis, and depression

So if you're tired of the treadmill and looking for a fun way to stay fit and healthy, it might be time to kick up your heels!

Dipping and Turning

Dancing is a great activity for people age 50 and older because you can vary the level of physical exertion so easily, according to Marian Simpson, a retired dance instructor and president of the National Dance Association.

For instance, people just getting back into dance or physical activity can start out more slowly, then "step it up a notch" by adding things like dips and turns as they progress, says Simpson. The more energy you put into a dance, the more vigorous your workout will be.

Although some dance forms are more rigorous than others - for instance, jazz as opposed to the waltz - all beginners' classes should start you out gradually. Ballroom dance, line dancing, and other kinds of social dance are most popular among people 50 and older. That's because they allow people to get together and interact socially, while getting some exercise and having fun at the same time. Dancers who have lost partners can come alone and meet new people, since many classes don't require that you attend as a couple.

If your doctor hasn't restricted your activity in any way, you're ready to rock, says Beckford. If you haven't been active or seen the doctor in a while, ask yourself the following questions:

  1. Has your doctor ever said you have a heart condition and that you should only do physical activity recommended by a doctor?
  2. Do you feel pain in your chest when you do physical activity?
  3. In the past month, have you had chest pain when you were not doing physical activity?
  4. Do you lose your balance because of dizziness, or do you ever lose consciousness?
  5. Do you have a bone or joint problem that could get worse from a change in your physical activity?
  6. Is your doctor currently prescribing drugs (for example, water pills) for blood pressure or a heart condition?
  7. Do you know of any other reason why you should not do physical activity?

Source: Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q), Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology, Inc., 1994

You should make an appointment to see your doctor if you answer "yes" to any of the questions above.

Choosing a Groove

If you don't know what kind of dance you might like, the best thing to do is experiment. If you used to dance and are getting back into it, you can pick up where you left off. Some adults decide to resume ballet classes after years of having had them as children.

If you take a class, give it some time before deciding you don't like it, recommends Colleen Dean, program coordinator for the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance. Try going with a friend and keep with it for at least a month. You can find dance classes at a dance school, dance studio, health club, or community recreation center. Some YMCAs, churches, or synagogues offer group dance classes followed by a social hour.

Here are some forms of dance you might want to explore:

  • Square dancing
  • Swing (traditional or West Coast, which is more technical)
  • Line dancing, which can be done to country, rock, pop, or salsa music
  • Folk dancing, which can reconnect you to your ethnic roots or introduce you to a whole new culture
  • Ballroom
  • Belly dancing
  • Salsa
  • Flamenco
  • Jazz
  • Tap
  • Modern
  • Clogging (double-time stomping and tap steps)
  • Contra (square dance moves in lines with men and women switching places)

Where to Boogie

Some dance schools or dance halls hold social dances that are open to the public on certain nights of the week. Often, you can take a class before the dance begins.

You also can join a dance club that meets regularly at different places, or join an amateur or professional dance troupe.

Jim Maxwell, 61, helped form a dance troupe seven years ago that performs at local retirement communities, nursing homes, and community events in the Northern Virginia area. The 37 members, who perform clogging and Irish dance routines, range in age from 9 to 62. The group gives Maxwell and his fellow cloggers an opportunity to perform a useful community service while having fun and staying fit.

"We get the benefits of physical activity, but we also serve our community," says Maxwell, who started dancing because he needed physical activity but hated to exercise. To help recruit people for the troupe, Maxwell began teaching clogging, tap, and Irish dance to all ages at local recreation centers. He now teaches six classes.

"Dancing is a lot of fun, and I like performing," says Maxwell. "[Plus], we actually do things for people. It's not just exercising as an indulgence."

Doing Your Own Thing

If you're afraid you have two left feet or are short on time, you can do your own thing just by turning on some music and dancing around the house. Or turn a night on the town into a dance party by finding a hot spot with a good dance band.

You also can "sweat to the oldies" or sashay around your living room with dance videos that you can buy or rent from your local library or video store (check to see if they're available). So crank up the volume and shake a leg. Once you start dancing, you might not want to stop!

AARP Resources

Pilates: A Core Conditioning Program
Made popular by professional dancers and celebrities, Pilates strengthens your body's core and creates the long, lean muscles of a dancer.

Memory Loss and Aging
AARP teamed up with the Dana Alliance for Brain Initiatives to bring you information on the most recent advances in brain research.

Yoga Yields Mind and Body Fitness
Like dance, yoga gives you both a body and mind workout.

Additional Resources

Dance Videos
From ballet to wedding and party dance, you'll find a wide assortment of dance videos in between to get you moving at home. You'll also find an armchair dance aerobics video if you have limited mobility.

Choosing a Dance Instructor
The National Dance Council of America has brochures on how to choose a ballroom or performing arts dance instructor.

Invitation to Dance: Line Dancing
This DVD is a good place to start line dancing.

Books

Find these books online at Barnes & Noble.com.

Returning to Health: With Dance, Movement and Imagery,
Anna Halprin, LifeRhythm, October 2002

Jump into Jazz: The Basics and Beyond for Jazz Dance Students,
Minda Goodman Kraines, Esther Pryor, The McGraw-Hill Companies, July 2004

Belly Dancing Basics,
Laura A. Cooper, Sterling Publishing Company, Inc., April 2004

Source: AARP.org

The Small Revolution - Linda Kaplan Thaler & Robin Koval

Change

It’s a word we’ve all heard a lot this year. We’re looking for change in Washington, in our environment,

in our culture, and in our economy. Hey, these days, even change for a dollar would suffice.

The need for change spurred the election of a new President and brought together a nation divided

in ideologies. The desire for change is great, but sometimes it feels as if our problems are greater

still. In the face of our individual, national, and global challenges, change can feel impossible.

When we try to change the world all at once, we become overwhelmed with the vastness of our

problems. Debts are too large to pay, jobs are too scarce to find, and life is too stressful to conquer.

In times as complex as these, however, the answer is surprisingly simple.

We have to start thinking SMALL.

Now is the time for the SMALL revolution.

When tackling problems, we are often told to think big. We filter out life’s seemingly insignificant

details in order to concentrate on the greater issues. After all, big ideas yield big results, or so

the assumption goes. Certainly, no one wants to be thought of as the person who “can’t see the

forest for the trees.” But many times, these very same little details are the ones that can serve

as the real catalysts for change in our own lives and in the lives of others—if we only start to

recognize their potential.

The SMALL revolution asks people to forget about the old ways. To tackle today’s issues and achieve

our greatest goals, we need to shift our thinking away from the big picture and focus instead on the

small pixels. These new times call for a new outlook, and therefore, we must change our perspective

from the grandiose and difficult to the humble and doable. By rediscovering the magic within our

smallest actions and celebrating the tiny victories that each of us accomplish daily, we can overcome

the big obstacles and effect real change.

Corporations: Downsize your focus.

 

 

It goes without saying that the issues facing big businesses in this turbulent economy are monumental.

As we watch some of America’s industry bellwethers plead before Congress for financial aid, slash

their workforces, and even close up shop, the problems can seem insurmountable. Even companies

that are managing to do okay are feeling uncertain and in uncharted territory. Yet, when you look

closely, many of the issues businesses now face aren’t that new. In fact, they are magnified versions

of the very same problems they have had to deal with every day in the past—even in good times

(with significant exceptions, of course). Drill down, and you will see that the real secret to solving

these big problems is to look at them with a brand new attitude, a new perspective, and to attack

them piece by piece with SMALL solutions. For example:

Big problem:

Getting clients in a recession (and keeping existing ones, too). In the face of an uncertain

economy, corporations have slashed their spending in an effort to weather the storm.

SMALL solution:

Make small talk. Now more than ever, it is essential that companies talk—and truly

listen—to their customers and clients in order to deliver winning results. But this important dialogue

doesn’t always happen during the big presentation or in the formal strategy memo. In fact, the

“ah-ha” moment can often occur during the most informal times. Take, for example, the Aflac Duck.

Our agency’s work for Aflac was not inspired by a big all-day meeting, but rather by a brief comment

made afterwards by the company’s CEO. Just by making small talk, a pop-culture icon was hatched

then and there.

You also never know where a new client might come from. Stuck waiting for the elevator? Standing

in line at the supermarket? Take off your bluetooth, look up from your blackberry and talk to the

person next to you. You’ll be surprised what opportunities come your way as a result.

Big problem:

Getting consumers to spend money on your product in the recession. With consumer

confidence at historic lows, enticing them to open their wallets for your product is harder than

ever. Shoppers now need a real incentive to spend money, and marketers need to give them the

reason to do it.

SMALL solution:

See the glass as half empty. That doesn’t mean we want you to adopt a pessimistic

outlook on life. Rather, we want you to take a look around to see what products are not working

and what cries out for a solution. Many times, the best innovations come from existing products,

so take three items you use on a routine basis and ask what SMALL change you could make to

improve them. One SMALL adjustment could make the difference between a mediocre product and

one that flies off the shelves. P&G’s best-selling Swiffer WetJet, for example, came from a most

unexpected source. During the research and development process, P&G realized they could take their

existing technology—the dry weave used in Pampers diapers—and apply it to their cleaning products.

Thus, a very effective and fun way to clean was born. Swiffer has revolutionized cleaning in millions

of homes, just by finding a new use for a decades-old product—Pampers on the end of a mop!

Think of all the existing technology we are surrounded with every day. Imagine the ways they might

be able to be “reinvented” for other purposes.

Big problem:

Maintaining a good public image in the face of a world in crisis. With the controversies

over government bail-outs, executive bonuses, and predatory business practices clogging

the airwaves, consumers have a right to be skeptical. In fact, according to a February 2009

Trendwatching report, only 13% of Americans put their trust in big businesses. A handful of companies,

however, are ahead of the curve: they have already discovered that SMALL acts can work

wonders for their reputations.

SMALL solution:

Make SMALL impressions on your customers by giving back to the community.

These little acts of generosity not only boost your image, they are relatively easy and inexpensive.

For example, Whole Foods brings their customers directly into the mix by rewarding them with

wooden tokens whenever they opt to bring their own reusable bags instead of using paper or plastic

disposable ones. Shoppers then choose to “donate” the tokens, valued at a nickel each, to local

charities listed within the store. By engaging their customers directly in this shared experience,

they are enforcing their commitment not only to the earth, but to the individual communities that

surround their stores. SMALL impressions can also come in the form of product giveaways. Every

year Ben and Jerry’s gives away free ice cream for an entire day, which not only reinforces the

company’s “do-gooder” image, but it also reminds the general public of the product they may have

otherwise forgotten.

Big problem:

In the midst of the economic downturn, employee morale is at striking lows.

With lagging profits and ever-increasing layoffs, workers are anxious, unhappy, and unsure.

SMALL solution:

Make a little go a long way. These challenging times mean most companies

are unable to give raises or hire additional staff, so look for other small gestures that can

keep teams motivated. To boost morale without breaking the bank, try things like remembering

employees’ birthdays and personally delivering a compliment for a job well done. And, of

course, nothing brings a company together like free food. At The Kaplan Thaler Group, for

instance, we took over an ice cream truck for a day. Parked behind our building, the truck

surprised and delighted our employees with whatever sweet treat they liked. Take it from us,

a single scoop can boost more than sugar levels.

Entrepreneurs: Think small. Win big.

 

 

For entrepreneurs, a niche business can be ideal, since there is little direct competition and they

can be launched on a shoestring budget. Many times the most successful niche businesses are

created by making a SMALL improvement to an existing product.

SMALL business owner Sheri Schmelzer knows that first-hand. In a budget-stretching maneuver,

Schmelzer jazzed up a pair of her 7-year-old daughter’s Crocs with a few inexpensive buttons and

rhinestones she had in her sewing kit. Not surprisingly, her daughter was elated and soon the

whole Schmelzer family was making their way around town in their haute couture Crocs. It just so

happened that the resin clog company’s headquarters were only a few miles from Schmelzer’s home

and inevitably, a company employee spotted her handiwork and passed along her business card.

Before long, Schmelzer launched her own company, dubbed Jibbitz, and was contracting manufacturers

in China to produce her footwear charms. And just a short while later, with business booming,

Crocs purchased Jibbitz for the not-so-small sum of $20 million.

Million dollar ideas are everywhere. In fact, one just might be licking you in the face. At least that’s

what happened to 52-year-old divorcee Carol Gardner. Broke, unemployed, and alone, Gardner

entered her local pet store’s annual Christmas card contest in hopes of snagging the grand prize:

a year’s supply of dog food. With this humble goal in mind, Gardner set forth on the photo shoot

that would change her life. She plopped her 4-month-old English bulldog in the tub, fashioned a

fluffy white beard out of bubble bath around her face, and pressed a button. After writing a cheeky

caption, Gardner sent her entry off to the pet store, and to her surprise, she won. The card became

a hit with all of her friends and family. Suddenly, the light bulb went on: she could create a greeting

card business based on Zelda, her mutt of a muse. And so, Zelda Wisdom was born and shortly

thereafter, Hallmark came calling, helping to turn her SMALL idea into an international line of greeting

cards, gifts, clothing, jewelry, and even books.

As we were writing our book, THE POWER OF SMALL, we discovered that many times the greatest

business ideas began on a whim. Schmelzer, Gardner, and many others like them never set out

to create the next big thing; they did it by accident. No pressure, no deadlines, no proposals, no

facts and figures. Outside the confines of the traditional problem-solving mentality, and without

the threat of possible repercussions, they were free from their inhibitions and found something

big by starting out very, very small.

Take it SMALL.

 

 

Each of us as individuals could learn a lot from the above entrepreneurs. Our personal and professional

lives are so over-scheduled, over-worked, and under-rewarded that sometimes life feels too

overwhelming to get moving again. But, THE POWER OF SMALL gives you the tools to cut through

the clutter of everyday life in order to concentrate on the little things that can really make a difference.

By thinking SMALL, we can not only manage during difficult times, we can actually thrive.

Go mini to maximize your productivity.

We’ve all heard the term “multi-tasker,” but why not

become a “mini-tasker”? Trying to achieve your greatest ambitions all at once is a self-defeating

strategy. As the old cliché goes, “Rome wasn’t built in a day.” So when you imagine your goals, break

them down brick by brick. These smaller components of your larger plan then become easily accomplished

“mini-tasks,” which one by one will help you construct the future you’ve envisioned. The

key is to break down the huge job into manageable chunks. For example, if you find the idea of

cleaning your entire house overwhelming, narrow your perspective (literally) and the clutter suddenly

becomes manageable. Just make a circle with your thumb and forefinger, look through it, and find

just one thing to clean up. Done? Do it again. Pretty soon the house will be spotless.

Break it down to relax and hone your focus.

When facing a stressful day, full of deadlines,

meetings, phone calls and an ever-growing inbox—don’t tackle it all at once. Rather, take a moment

to visualize your day as a collection of moments. At work, this can mean taking a half-hour break

from emailing so you can solely focus on getting that memo or budget done. Don’t even look at your

email again until you have finished proofreading the document. By compartmentalizing the various

sections of your schedule in this way, you can slowly conquer it by checking off one thing at a time.

Give yourself a minute.

Even if you are rushing to meet a looming deadline, take a step back, and

before you hand something in, imagine you have just one more minute to make sure everything is

exactly as you want it. Giving yourself just 60 seconds to look over an email or report one more time

can make the difference between impressing your clients and possibly offending them. So, use that

extra minute to relax and review with a final push of focus before you press the “send” button.

Most importantly, appreciate the little things in life.

These are no doubt stressful times for

all of us, and in times like these we tend to forget about the multitude of SMALL good things in

our lives and concentrate only on the big bad things that weigh heavily on our shoulders. We all

need to take time out to breathe and reflect on the positive aspects of our life, whether it’s our

good health, a good dinner, or just a good laugh. So, before you end each day, tally up the things

that went right in the past 24 hours. Did your son thank you for helping him with his homework?

Did you have a traffic-free commute? Make a list of these positive things and appreciate them.

If you take the time to add up all the good SMALL things you have, you’ll quickly find that they

outweigh all the bad things combined. That doesn’t mean the bad things disappear, but it sure

makes them easier to handle, one SMALL step at a time.

Join the SMALL Revolution.

 

 

THE POWER OF SMALL lives within all of us, from the automatic pleasantries we exchange in the

elevator that help to forge relationships, to the little strokes of inspiration that lead to the creation

of new fortunes. The SMALL revolution isn’t about changing the world overnight; it’s about making

a gradual difference, one modest achievement at a time. Every person counts; every one of us

can make a difference in our own little way. So, join our SMALL revolution and tell your friends

that SMALL is the next big thing.

And remember, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step” —Lao-tzu.

About the Authors

 

 

Linda Kaplan Thaler and Robin Koval are CEO and President, respectively, of The Kaplan Thaler Group and the

authors of the national bestsellers The Power of Nice: How to Conquer the Business World with Kindness and

BANG!: Getting Your Message Heard in a Noisy World. Their newest collaboration, The Power of Small: Why Little

Things Make All the Difference, was released April 21, 2009.

 

Source: Change This

Humanities more than just a word

Simon Haines | April 29, 2009

Article from: The Australian

JOHN Armstrong ("Transform into friends of society", HES, November26, 2008) says the humanities in Australia need to "transform themselves into friends of society" and to be "in the service of life", not just ofacademics.

A return to "core concerns" with notions such as civilisation would dissolve that false dichotomy of value, between the intrinsic or noble and the instrumental or practical, that bedevils university and government resourcing of the sector.

If such "important things buried within the disciplines" could re-emerge, our "economic anxieties would recede".

Like Armstrong, I went along hopefully to the speech by federal Innovation, Industry, Science and Research Minister Kim Carr on why the humanities matter for innovation and was not disappointed by his reference to the"intrinsic value" of works such as PeterTemple's Broken Shore and John Bell's latest Hamlet.

True, an intrinsic property is inward or essential, while value is conferred from outside, so the phrase is uneasy. Actually the dichotomy of value that concerns Armstrong is already buried in the 14th-century origins of the word, lying in conceptions of esteem on the one hand and of measurable worth on the other. But I took the minister to mean that such works of art are ends in themselves, rather like Kantian persons.

Reading them is therefore, in Armstrong's terms, a civilising activity. No problem there.

My main worry about the speech was from an advocacy point of view: its use of the word humanities. Carr is not alone in running the term together with creative arts and social sciences. I suspect many vice-chancellors, let alone premiers and other funding agents, have trouble distinguishing them.

But this is half our trouble and it goes to the heart of the dichotomy.

Our two sets of humanities and social sciences colleagues can tap into much more intuitive public senses of value than we can: one utilitarian, quasi-scientific, instrumental, Australian Research Council-friendly; the other deriving from still-powerful romantic notions of genius, of an unmeasurable, spontaneous, quasi-religious wellspring of creative vitality.

But what about the humanities, somewhere in the middle, in some no-man's-land between the creative and the scientific?

It turns out that even the Australian Academy of the Humanities hasn't so far produced a working definition of the humanities, although it is working on one now.

And it's in good company: the mighty National Endowment for the Humanities in the US doesn't have one either. (The ARC? Don't talk to me about the ARC.) Instead, conscious of variety and evolution, they have discipline lists. These usually include history, philosophy and (studies of) literature as the perennial central three (some remaining trace of the medieval trivium here), together with classics, linguistics, religion, archeology, and the history and theory of music and art. So maybe the humanities is just whatever all those people and their assorted humanistic fellow-travellers collectively do?

To return to Armstrong: Are there any core concerns here? We badly need to be able to articulate some. If we, of all people, can't say or show what they are, how can we expect any kind of public or private recognition?

The Germans have a word for it, of course, as Armstrong doesn't need me to tell him.

Even though the Geisteswissenschaften overlap significantly with our social sciences, we could usefully profess ourselves as scholarly custodians and promulgators of the knowledge or knowing activity of geist, the human spirit, human being in general.

For some more materialist types that's all a bit Hegelian, but presumably better than friends of civilisation, which would put them in mind of the worst excesses of Kenneth Clark, or Alec Hope's "chatter of learned fools". Yet the first humanists, in the Renaissance, thought of themselves as scholars of classical civilisation, as opposed to theology and divinity. Hegel's trick was to merge the two: knowledge of civilisation is knowledge of spirit.

Still too, well, German? What about turning to language itself (and an Italian)?

In an unpublished paper, Defining the Humanities, Anna Wierzbicka reminds us of Giambattista Vico's "fundamental distinction between studying things and studying people", his "New Science" being a precursor of Geisteswissenschaften and the humanities.

Crucially, it includes the study of ourselves as people, not as things. This is knowledge "from within", as Isaiah Berlin put it, knowledge of ourselves as made by ourselves.

Vico, a post-Renaissance humanist as much as a pre-romantic historicist, saw this kind of knowledge as an essential counterbalance to Cartesian and other scientific models of knowledge. He thought this self-making knowledge was gained specifically in language, and that language was itself fundamentally poetic and metaphorical - and hence also evaluative, estimative - before it was conceptual or logical. (Though the old struggle between metaphor and concept goes back to Plato and is itself deeply constitutive of human being in language.)

So can we venture a definition of the core humanities as qualitative rather than quantitative ("What sort of thing is this?", not "How do I measure this?"), evaluative rather than empirical ("Was this a good life/society", not "What happened in this life/society?"), seeking understanding rather thaninformation ("How was it to be this person?", not "who was this person?"), linguistic rather than symbolic, imaginative rather than scientific - but still methodical, scholarly and interpretative, still philosophical and historical, rather than artistic, creative or performative?

Yes, I know, a performance of Hamlet is also an interpretation; but I'm getting at the way Armstrong read an extract from Tolstoy in his second piece, or Carr used Temple and Shakespeare at the Press Club, or Iain McCalman used Joyce's Ulysses in an earlier landmark speech at the same venue. They were all working in the humanities as they did that, not the creative arts or social sciences: seeking a reflective and evaluative, a philosophical and historical, understanding of human being as constituted in language.

And why shouldn't we take this show on the road, as Armstrong suggests? Why leave it all to Carr? The audiences may well be receptive, not philistine. Clare Morgan and Ted Buswick, of the Boston Consulting Group in Britain and the US, have devised Poetry in the Boardroom, an exercise in which a poem is chosen by senior executives together with a literature professor as the focus for a boardroom discussion about complex decision-making, risk, leadership and power.

Evaluating a complex poem turns out to be a superb model for complex judgment.

The Lowy Institute for International Policy has encouraged speakers with humanities backgrounds to address its largely business and public service lunchtime audiences on issues such as the link between good manners and politics or between Milton's Satan and the received model of a terrorist.

The school of humanities at the Australian National University, with the Centre for Human Values at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, recently held a symposium on Measuring Thought in the Humanities (one outcome was Wierzbicka's paper).

Two of the best contributions came from IBM executives, who saw humanities people, able to combine analysis with imagination, as integral to the company's flexibility. Which raises another point about outreach: never underestimate our undergraduates. If you teach 100 a semester, you can reach 5000 minds in an average career, far more directly (as Socrates saw) than in your writing. Some of those are going to be in influential positions in society, but all of them could have richer lives as a result of what you are teaching.

Spread the word, I think Armstrong is saying; remember why this career chose you.

But remember, too, that if you mainly want to make society suspicious of itself, of its values, if you see that as your proper stance, then ultimately you must live with its reciprocating suspicion of you.

If on the other hand you mainly want to help it understand itself and its virtues and vices confidently, as a self-making community of value, as, indeed, a civilisation, then it still may not pay you much but at least it will recognise that you have some value, too.

Simon Haines is professor of English and deputy director of the Research Centre for Human Values at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. Formerly he was head of the school of humanities at the Australian National University.

Source: The Australian

Back to school

Video artist Viola, winner of McDermott award, samples new technologies during weeklong residency at MIT

Stephanie Schorow, MIT News Office
March 19, 2009

 

More than 35 years ago, Bill Viola jolted the contemporary art world with a new kind of artistic expression: electronic images and sounds that explored themes of love, death and rebirth. Today, the title "video artist" could be claimed by any kid with a camera, but the label rightfully belongs to Viola, who harnessed the potential of high-definition technology to produce evocative and startling snippets of video for museums and installations.

Like many artistic revolutionaries, Viola is now old school. He has exhibited at the Museum of Modern Art, New York, the Guggenheim Museum, New York, and the J.Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles. In 1997, theWhitney Museum of American Art staged: "Bill Viola: A 25-Year Survey."

His latest honor is the Eugene McDermott Award in the Arts, given by MIT's Council for the Arts, which brings a $75,000 stipend and a chance to spend a week on campus. Which is why, earlier this month, Viola could be seen rushing through the corridors of MIT, wearing a black turtleneck and jeans and carrying a bulging backpack that helped him blend with students and faculty. While admitting he is a self-described "tech head" who delights in new gadgets, Viola used his weeklong residency to both revel in new technologies and rail about its pitfalls. "There is a danger in a place like MIT of having too much head work and not enough heart work," he later explains.

On his first day on campus, the 58-year-old Viola has willingly accepted an agenda that seems wildly overscheduled; he seems anxious to interact with as many people as possible. In the space of a few hours, he plays games at the GAMBIT Lab, talks photography with Frédo Durand, associate professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, takes a tea break and visits the Tangible Media Group, before dashing off to a Visual Arts Program and dinner with faculty.

In a cramped office, where every surface is covered with lenses, camera bodies and cords, Durand hands Viola a modified lens that can capture different depths of field in one shot. He then shows Viola on a computer how to choose which section of a photo to put in focus. Viola sees the potential immediately: in the future, photographers may not have to make quick decisions about focus, lighting, shadows and other issues during shoots but instead deal with them later while processing photos on their computers.

Durand and Viola discuss the ethics of altering photographs and whether future cameras will become mere "input devices" for computers. Viola's wife and artistic partner, Kira Perov, who is accompanying him, blurts out, "When are we going to take pictures with our eyes?"

Everyone laughs, but Durand takes the question somewhat seriously. "I'm sure it will happen," he says. Viola expresses his worries that technology has allowed photographers to alter images too much. People tend to believe a photograph reflects reality unlike, say, a painting; yet photos may be no more real than any other form of artwork, he says. Still, both he and Durand agree that the popularity of programs like Photoshop have taught the public not to accept all images at face value.

Viola leaves Durand's office reluctantly but is soon engaged by the objects in the Tangible Media Lab and the work of Hiroshi Ishii, the associate director of the Media Lab and the Muriel R. Cooper Professor of Media Arts and Sciences. The lab has created perfume bottles that are "filled" with music. Pulling a stopper out of a bottle triggers a riff of classic music or jazz. "How did you get those musicians into those little bottles?" Viola asks, with only a hint of smile. Actually, the bottles utilize a seemingly invisible interface that Ishii believes could be introduced into household objects. Viola opens another bottle, which is silent -- a glitch, Media Arts and Science graduate student Jamie Zigelbaum explains, adding, "The musicians got out."

Moving to another area, Viola runs his fingers through the fine gravel of what looks like a wired sandbox. This is "SandScape," an interface for designing landscapes through computational simulations. A computer projects contour lines representing wind and shadows onto the sand's surface. As Viola manipulates the sand, the projected lines change, illustrating in a very concrete way how changing a land surface will alter its microclimate. Explains Ishii, "It bridges the gap between the digital world and the physical world." Perov takes a turn digging into the sand. "It's like a Zen garden," she says. "It reminds me of what the Buddha said: 'When foot feels floor, foot feels foot,'" Viola adds.

Viola is pleased at how the lab has turned touch into a computer interface. "I think Hiroshi is on to something extremely powerful," he says. "The average person -- certainly not the people who work here -- has a mistrust of technology. If you can't see it, if you can't touch it, they don't quite believe it, and they don't quite trust it."

By the end of the residency, Viola -- like so many visitors to MIT -- says he has seen the future. But he is not sure all of it works. Once, he says, he was like other MIT students, eager to use the latest imaging technology. "Now, I tend to talk a lot less about technology and a lot more about the use of that technology, which ultimately is about human moral, ethical and spiritual decisions."

How Do You Feel Right Now?

Change This is quite a unique on-line service. It engages thought leaders to write provocative opinions on any topic with the purpose of changing and enhancing people's view. The material is always high quality and available in a .pdf file to download and there is no advertising. How they keep it together I don't know.

I think there their latest release is very insightful

"...In November of last year, we sent out a survey to gauge the mood of ChangeThis readers and see if they could help provide some solutions and encouragement for ourselves and each other. After many months of immense change, both in the country as a whole and within our small company, we have finally finished sifting through those responses

They made the following three inquiries: "In one word, sum up how you feel right now;" "How is this affecting you?" and; "What are you choosing to do about it?" The 1400 replies we received to this survey are further proof, beyond the intuitive, that work is life and that the personal is the professional. Some people used creative metaphors to express their situations. Others used humor. Some enumerated their action plan. Some ranted. Some marveled. Some refused to accept a doom and gloom outlook and endeavored to see the possibilities that come with change. There are some trends, of course, and there were ample frustrations--with capitalism and ageism, with excess and politics.

The cover of the manifesto is a word cloud of the most common responses to that first inquiry, "How do you feel right now?" and each paragraph thereafter is a different individual's response to the third question, "What are you choosing to do about it?"

Click here to download the full report